Why Does Voltage Drop with Longer Wires? – Understanding the Principle and How to Measure It
Have you ever noticed that some devices seem weaker or malfunction when plugged into an extension cord? Or that appliances further from the outlet don’t operate as efficiently? That’s not your imagination — it’s likely due to a real electrical phenomenon called voltage drop . This article explains why voltage drop occurs as wire length increases, how to measure it, and practical tips to reduce its effects in everyday settings. What is Voltage Drop? Voltage drop refers to the reduction in voltage as electric current flows through a wire with resistance . As current travels, some energy is lost as heat due to resistance in the wire, meaning the voltage received by your appliance is lower than what was sent from the source. This issue is especially noticeable in lighting systems, refrigerators, and electric motors — often resulting in malfunction, dim lights, or overheating. Factors That Cause Voltage Drop Wire Length : Longer wires introduce more...